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Difference Between Java 7 and Java 8

Discover the significant updates and features that Java 8 brought, including Lambda Expressions, Stream, and a new Date/Time API, compared to Java 7.

Difference Between Java 7 and Java 8

Java has been a cornerstone of software development for decades, and its flexibility has made it a go-to language for developers all around the globe. This blog discusses the exciting changes and new features that came with Java 8. These changes have changed the way programmers do their jobs.

Prepare to learn about Lambda expressions, the new Date/Time API, and much more, as this article takes a deep dive into the changes between Java 7 and Java 8.

What is Java 7?

Java 7, often called "Dolphin," was a major upgrade to the Java programming language that came out in July 2011 from Oracle Corporation. After Oracle bought Sun Microsystems, this was the first significant upgrade to Java that Oracle was in charge of. Oracle reached a big milestone with the introduction of Java 7. This showed that Oracle was committed to Java and its future development.

Java 7 comes with a lot of new features and improvements, such as Project Coin's language changes. It also had a better class-loader design, better type interference for generic instances, library support for ECC (elliptic curve cryptography) techniques, and improved Managed Beans.

Major Java 7 Features

Project Coin

It is a collection of modest changes to the language that are meant to make developers more productive. It has features like making calls to varargs methods easier, using binary literals, and handling exceptions in more than one way.

String object in a switch statement

In Java 7, the switch statement was changed such that the switch expression may be a String object.

Multiple exception handling

The ability to catch more than one exception in a single catch block, which cuts down on code duplication.

Upgraded class-loader architecture

The design of the class-loader was changed to better handle dynamic languages and modularity.

Improved type interference for generic instance

Java 7 made building and utilizing generic types simpler by making it work better with type interference while creating generic instances.

Library support for ECC algorithms

The standard library now supports ECC algorithms, making it easy to employ elliptic curve encryption in Java apps.

Upgraded Rowset 1.1 and JDBC 4.1

Several changes were made to Rowset 1.1 and JDBC 4.1, such as adding support for SQLXML and making metadata support better.

Improved Managed Beans

Updates were made in Managed Beans so that they work better with JavaServer Faces and the Java Persistence API.

Automatic resource management in try-statement

With Java 7, the try statement automatically manages resources like files and database connections, making their management easier.

Concurrency and collections updates

Several changes were made to the concurrency and collections APIs in Java 7, which made it simpler to develop code that works well with multiple threads and can be scaled up.

Compressed 64-bit pointers

Java 7 included compressed 64-bit pointers, which make 64-bit JVMs use less memory.

JVM support for dynamically-typed languages

Java 7 included support for dynamically typed languages like JavaScript and Ruby. This made it simpler to combine Java with other languages.

What is Java 8?

After Java 7, the next major version of the Java programming language was Java 8, which had the code name "Spider." Oracle Corporation published it in March 2014, and it included a lot of new features and enhancements to the language, including several long-awaited ones that made functional programming in the language much better.

One of the most important innovations in Java 8 was the addition of lambda expressions, a new way to define functions that makes it simpler to develop code that uses the functional programming paradigm. Other big changes in Java 8 include better type annotations, the addition of default methods for interfaces, and improvements to the Stream API for dealing with collections.

Major Java 8 Features

Lambda Expressions

Lambda expressions are a new way to write code in Java that defines functions. They provide a short, powerful approach to describe behavior that may be supplied to methods as a parameter.

Type Annotations

Java 8 included support for type annotations, which let developers add more information about types that tools may use for checking, analyzing, and making code.

Default Methods for Interfaces

Interfaces in Java may now contain default methods, which make it possible to introduce new behavior without altering how current implementations use the interface.

Stream API

The Stream API is a new way to interact with collections, making it simpler to build clear and fast code.

Date and Time API

Java 8 included a new Date and Time API that makes working with dates and times more versatile and up-to-date.

Nashorn JavaScript Engine

Java 8 came with a new JavaScript engine called Nashorn. Compared to the old engine, it works better and is more compatible.

PermGen Removal

Java 8 got rid of the Permanent Generation (PermGen) memory space, which caused Java developers a lot of trouble in older versions.

Parallel Array Operations

Java 8 added numerous new ways to interact with arrays, making it easier to process data in parallel.

Optional Class

The Optional class was added to Java 8 to show values that may or may not be present.

New Concurrency APIs

The CompletableFuture API in Java 8 makes it simpler to build asynchronous code. It is one of the new APIs for dealing with concurrency.

Key Differences Between Java 7 and Java 8

  1. Oracle Corporation launched Java 8, a significant upgrade to the Java programming language, in March 2014. It came after Java 7, which was also a substantial update. It included numerous important additions and improvements to the language, the most important of which was Lambda expressions, which made functional programming much easier.
  2. The new Date/Time API was another important part of Java 8. It made working with dates and times easier and more current than with the old API. The Stream API also made it simpler to handle collections functionally, making code easier to comprehend and cutting down on repetitive tasks.
  3. Java 8 also included changes to the language's security, such as making it easier to generate random numbers safely. It also improved the Nashorn JavaScript engine, which made it possible for developers to execute JavaScript code on the JVM.
  4. On the other hand, Java 7 concentrated on improving the language to make developers more productive. For example, one may now catch many exceptions in a single catch block, and the try statement now handles resources automatically. It also made significant changes to the class-loader architecture, which made it simpler for Java programs to employ dynamic languages.
  5. Other important changes to Java 7 include better support for Managed Beans and the inclusion of elliptic curve cryptography methods in the library. Oracle ceased distributing security updates for Java SE 7 in April 2015. Customers were advised to upgrade to Java 8 or later versions to get the newest security features and enhancements.

Which Version to Choose? Java 7 vs. Java 8

As developers, one can occasionally have to determine whether a project should use Java 7 or Java 8. Java 7 is still used and supported by a lot of people. However, Java 8 has a lot of new features and updates that may make various apps work better and be more useful.

One of the best things about Java 8 is that it now has lambda expressions, which make writing code for specific tasks simpler and shorter. Java 8 adds the new Stream API, which gives developers a sophisticated way to work with groups of data. In Java 8, there are other improvements to security, compatibility with dates and times, and the performance of the JVM.

In other situations, such as when Java 8 systems or libraries don't work well with each other, Java 7 may still be the ideal choice for some projects. Last but not least, whether one utilizes Java 7 or Java 8 depends on the needs of their projects and the resources they have.

Conclusion

The most important differences between Java 7 and Java 8 are discussed in this article, along with how these changes have affected the way programmers do their work. With the inclusion of Lambda expressions, a new Date/Time API, and changes to the Stream API that make it easier to work with collections, Java 8 is a big improvement over its predecessor.

If someone wishes to develop code in Java, it's important to choose the best version that fits their needs. Knowing the differences between Java 7 and Java 8 can help developers and organizations decide which one to use, whether they need to work with older systems or want to use the latest features.

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